Few studies have examined the genetic population structure of vector-borne microparasites in wildlife, making it unclear how much these systems can reveal about the movement of their associated hosts.This study examined the complex host–vector–microbe interactions in a system of bats, wingless ectoparasitic bat flies (Nycteribiidae), vector-bor
Popular votes and mini-publics are both increasingly implemented as elected officials seek to build legitimacy for decisions, although these democratic innovations suffer from their own democratic deficits.Popular votes often do not live up to deliberative ideals while mini-publics may be limited in their capacities for inclusion and decision-makin
Abstract Cognitive dysfunction occurs in greater than 50% of individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS).Hippocampal demyelination is a prominent feature of postmortem MS brains and hippocampal Blouson Jackets atrophy correlates with cognitive decline in MS patients.Cellular and molecular mechanisms responsible for neuronal dysfunction in demyelinated